New in W’s Photography

via Instagram https://ift.tt/2KZ5dYQ “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.–That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, –That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.” #wcharaf July 04, 2019 at 10:13PM

New in W’s Photography

via Instagram https://ift.tt/2Xl4lED أُفَضّل ان يكون العمل مؤسساتي و في نطاق حركة لان العمل الفردي هو استنزاف وهدر.
و مثال على ذلك المرجعيات الدينية التي عملت خارج نطاق المؤسسة، مقارنة بتلك التي عملت في نطاق مؤسسة … فالمؤسسة باقية و الأفراد ذابوا من الوجود و الذاكرة.
و مثال آخر اقتصادي هو المحلات الفردية التي لا تدخل في نطاق حركة او تحالف اوسع، تبقى صغيرة و ضعيفة للأبد.
الكثير من الفرص التاريخية اهدرت لعدم قدرة البعض العمل مع الآخرين او الانخراط في عمل جماعي. I prefer that any effort be part of an organization or movement, for individual and personal efforts stay personal and lose that opportunity of creating change or momentum.
An example would be the religious authorities who worked individually in comparison to those who worked within an organization or movement. The organization stays while they are gone and forgotten.
Another example economically are businesses that work at the owner’s personal level in comparison to those who joins a movement or are allied to a bigger network. Those pop and mom stores will stay small and week unfortunately.
Many Historical opportunities have been wasted by those who can not work with others or merge into a movement.
#wcharaf June 30, 2019 at 03:28PM

New in W’s Photography

via Instagram https://ift.tt/2Lt1O46 Rifa’a el-Tahtawi (1801-1873), Egyptian renaissance intellectual

رفعت الطهطاوي… احد المفكرين الاول في حركة النهضة العربية. . He was sent to Paris in 1826 by Muhammad Ali’s government to study Western sciences and educational methods, although originally to serve as Imam for the Egyptian cadets training at the Paris military academy. He came to hold a very positive view of French society, although not without criticisms. Learning French, he began translating important scientific and cultural works into Classical Arabic. He also witnessed the July Revolution of 1830, against Charles X, but was careful in commenting on the matter in his reports to Muhammad Ali.[5] His political views, originally influenced by the conservative Islamic teachings of al-Azhar university, changed on a number of matters, and he came to advocate parliamentarism and women’s education.

After five years in France, he then returned to Egypt to implement the philosophy of reform he had developed there, summarizing his views in the book Takhlis al-Ibriz fi Talkhis Bariz (sometimes translated as The Quintessence of Paris), published in 1834. It is written in rhymed prose, and describes France and Europe from an Egyptian Muslim viewpoint. Tahtawi’s suggestion was that the Egypt and the Muslim world had much to learn from Europe, and he generally embraced Western society, but also held that reforms should be adapted to the values of Islamic culture. This brand of self-confident but open-minded modernism came to be the defining creed of the nahda.

#wcharaf June 29, 2019 at 05:24PM

New in W’s Photography

via Instagram https://ift.tt/2FDuYJO These four gentlemen are the ones who gave “Lebanon” its borders and territories in 1920 during the surrender treaty of Sèvres.
Two of the signatories of the Ottoman Empire. Left to right: Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı; Grand Vizier Damat Ferid Pasha; the Ottoman education minister Bağdatlı Hadi Pasha; and ambassador Reşad Halis. Absent is the third signatory, Ottoman Minister of Education Hadi Pasha.

#wcharaf June 28, 2019 at 07:09PM